The beginning of the 20th century was also the period of the arrival of Hindus to Uganda, who became the country's economic and financial elite.

During World War II, Ugandans fought in the ranks of the British army. After the end of the war, Africans sat in the legislative council for the first time, and the first African political organizations adhering to the leftist doctrine began to emerge.

In 1962, Uganda was proclaimed independent, and a year later it was declared a republic. Edward Mutesa was the first president of Uganda.