Temple of Artemis

An arsonist Herostratus destroyed it in 356 BC.

An excerpt from the article 26 facts about Temple of Artemis
Herostratus was a local shoemaker who wished to immortalize his name by burning down the Temple of Artemis. As a result of arson, Herostratus was sentenced to death and forbode mentioning his name to anybody. Memory of him survived thanks to Theopompus, an ancient Greek historian.