Earthworms
Animals

Facts about earthworms

We found 20 facts about earthworms

Very useful organisms that live in the soil

They are geographically very widespread organisms. They are found in Europe, Asia, North America, and northern parts of Africa. They inhabit all types of soils and in 1 cubic meter, there are about 800 of them. Most often they choose acidic or moderate soils, and few of them tolerate alkaline soils. They play a very important role in the functioning of the ecosystem by digesting the remains of plants and animals. Thanks to them, organic matter is decomposed and evenly distributed in the soil. The work done by earthworms makes it easier for many plants to absorb minerals.

Earthworms
1
Earthworms belong to the scorpionflies.
2
There are more than 670 species of earthworms.
3
Their name is most likely taken from the term earthworm, which means rain. It is during rainfall that they most often come to the surface.
4
There are species of earthworms that are resistant to frost, which makes their area of distribution reach as far as Siberia.
5
According to their habitation zone, we can divide earthworms into bedding earthworms and soil-eating earthworms that live deep in the soil.
6
Earthworms that are not frost-tolerant die at around -2 °C.

Spring frosts can decimate earthworm populations in a very short time.

7
The body of these animals is composed of visibly separated segments with 4 pairs of bristles emerging from them.
8
The functions of the brain in earthworms are performed by the periaesophageal ganglion, which in ringworms is divided into supraesophageal and subesophageal ganglia. These ganglia are interconnected and form the periaesophageal ring.
9
Earthworms, depending on the species, can reach a length of 1 centimeter to 1 meter.
10
They belong to invertebrates and the hydroskeleton is responsible for supporting muscles in their bodies.

This form of stabilization relies on the production of adequate hydrostatic pressure, which, by pushing against the cell walls, allows muscles to be supported.

11
Earthworms are among the saprophages, or animals that feed on decaying plant and animal remains. They can also feed on the manure and feces of grazing animals.
12
The stomach of earthworms is made up of two parts.

The first section is the goiter, which is responsible for storing food. The second section is the fleshy stomach, where the food is broken down mechanically.

13
At the exit of the fleshy stomach is the intestine, which is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food.

Earthworms can spend quite a long time underwater, provided it is adequately oxygenated.

14
The body of earthworms consists of more than 80% water, which can be exchanged with the environment at a rate of about 60% by volume per day.
15
Most earthworms are hermaphrodites.

They exchange gametes during copulation, which is called saddling. The process takes its name from the phenomenon in which two individuals stick together using mucus that is produced in specially transformed rings called saddles.

16
There are species of earthworms that reproduce utilizing parthenogenesis, that is, directly from an egg that is not fertilized by a sperm.
17
Deprived of food, they can fall into a state of numbness that can last for several months.

The cause of numbness in these animals can also be excessive dryness of the soil or excessive heat.

18
These animals usually fall prey to frogs, birds, and moles.
19
Earthworms are used to compost organic waste.
20
They are used as fishing bait or aquarium fish food.
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